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Mental health

Mental health information and support

Clear, jargon-free guidance on common mental health conditions, the therapies that help, and how to get support in the UK — all aligned with NHS guidance. If you are struggling right now, you are not alone, and help is available today.

Need help now?

If someone’s life is at risk or you cannot keep yourself or someone else safe, call 999 or go to A&E.

Urgent support where you live

Someone to talk to, free, 24/7: Samaritans 116 123 or text SHOUT to 85258. These listening services do not replace emergency care.

Service information checked against the linked official sources on .

Mental health conditions

Plain-English guides, written for the UK and reviewed against NHS guidance.

Anxiety Anxiety is your body's alarm system stuck on high. Learn what drives it, which treatments work, and how to get NHS help fast. Reviewed by UK doctors. Social anxiety A plain-English guide to social anxiety disorder — symptoms, what helps, and the therapies and support available on the NHS. Panic attacks A panic attack is a sudden surge of fear with physical symptoms. It is frightening but not dangerous in itself. The first severe episode still needs medical assessment. Depression Depression is more than low mood — and treatment works. Spot the signs, what the NHS offers, and when to get urgent help. Reviewed by UK doctors. Postnatal depression Postnatal depression — symptoms beyond baby blues, difference from postpartum psychosis, NHS talking therapies and safe antidepressants when breastfeeding. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) Seasonal affective disorder — winter depression symptoms, light therapy, NHS talking therapies, and self-help for low mood during darker months. Stress Stress is a response to pressure. Short bursts can be useful. Ongoing stress that wrecks sleep, mood or work needs a GP or talking therapies, not just a weekend off. Grief and bereavement A plain-English guide to grief after losing someone — or a pet — what to expect, what helps, and where to find bereavement support in the UK. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) PTSD — flashbacks, nightmares, and hypervigilance after trauma; NHS treatments including trauma-focused CBT and EMDR. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) OCD explained — obsessions, compulsions, how it differs from perfectionism, and NHS treatments including CBT and SSRIs. Bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder — manic and depressive episodes, types, NHS treatment with mood stabilisers, and when to seek urgent help. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) A plain-English guide to borderline personality disorder (BPD) — symptoms, causes, and the talking therapies that help, on the NHS. ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) ADHD affects focus, impulsivity and organisation in children and adults. How UK assessment works and what helps meanwhile. Reviewed by UK doctors. Autism Autism spectrum disorder — signs in children and adults, assessment pathway on the NHS, and support for communication and sensory needs. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia — psychosis symptoms, early warning signs, NHS treatment with antipsychotics and talking therapies, and crisis support. Eating disorders Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder — symptoms, health risks, and NHS treatment including talking therapies and specialist services. Insomnia Insomnia is regular trouble falling or staying asleep. Sleep habits help most people. A GP can look for causes and discuss CBT for insomnia if it lasts.

Getting help and treatment

Talking therapies and how to find a therapist NHS talking therapies explained — CBT, counselling and EMDR, how to self-refer for free, and how to find a registered therapist near you in the UK. Antidepressants Antidepressants are medicines that treat moderate to severe depression and some anxiety disorders by balancing brain chemicals over several weeks. Sertraline Sertraline is an SSRI for depression, anxiety, OCD and PTSD. Benefit often takes weeks. Do not stop suddenly. Crisis support is 999, 111 or Samaritans 116 123. Citalopram Citalopram is an SSRI antidepressant for depression and anxiety disorders, with a lower maximum dose in older adults due to a heart rhythm risk. Fluoxetine Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a long-acting SSRI antidepressant used for depression, bulimia and some anxiety disorders, with a slower withdrawal profile. Diazepam Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used short-term for severe anxiety, muscle spasm and seizures, with dependence risk if used beyond a few weeks. Propranolol Propranolol is a beta-blocker that eases anxiety symptoms, prevents migraines, and treats heart conditions such as high blood pressure and angina.
Find NHS Talking Therapies in England Prepare for your first Talking Therapies appointment

Make a plan for your wellbeing

The NHS Every Mind Matters Mind Plan asks five questions and suggests practical tips for adults. It supports everyday wellbeing; it is not a diagnostic test or a replacement for professional care.

Create your free NHS Mind Plan →

If you are under 18, start with the support for children and young people.

Optional external service · Adults 18+

Apps and online support for anxiety

If you are exploring support through an app, BrightLoaf describes an anxiety-focused service with daily check-ins, educational tools and bookable 20-minute sessions with therapists. Its terms limit app use to adults aged 18 and over; therapy sessions are currently available to people in the UK.

BrightLoaf offers free and paid features, with session charges and availability shown in the app. Check its service details, current prices, cancellation terms and privacy information before signing up. Your GP or NHS service can advise on your personal care needs. BrightLoaf is not a crisis service; use the urgent support contacts above if you need help now.

Declared interest: Dr Neil Singh, listed among HealthAnswers’ medical reviewers, is BrightLoaf’s founder. See our editorial and review policy. Service information checked against BrightLoaf’s website and terms on .

Looking after your wellbeing

Looking after your mental health is something everyone can do. Staying active, sleeping well, connecting with people, getting outdoors, and making time for mindfulness or things you enjoy all make a real difference. NHS Every Mind Matters has free, practical tools to build a personal plan.

NHS Every Mind Matters →

Friends, family and carers

Supporting someone you care about

Find guidance on starting a conversation, listening, and helping someone access support. You can use the appointment checklist together if they would find that helpful.

Children and young people

Find support for a younger person

Young people and parents may need a different route from adult talking therapies. These NHS guides explain the services available and how to get help.

Mental health — common questions

What should I do in a mental health crisis?
If someone’s life is at risk or you cannot keep yourself or someone else safe, call 999 or go to A&E. In England, call 111 and select the mental health option; in Scotland, call NHS 24 on 111; in Wales, call 111 and press 2. In Northern Ireland, call Lifeline on 0808 808 8000 for crisis support, or contact your GP or GP out-of-hours service for urgent medical care. See the official service links above.
How do I find a mental health helpline?
Free UK helplines include Samaritans (116 123) for anyone in distress, SHOUT (text 85258) for crisis support by text, Papyrus HOPELINE247 (0800 068 4141) for under-35s with suicidal thoughts, and CALM (0800 58 58 58). The Hub of Hope directory lets you search for local and national support by postcode and by issue.
How do I get mental health support on the NHS?
In England you can refer yourself to NHS Talking Therapies (formerly IAPT) for free, without seeing a GP — search "NHS talking therapies" or visit nhs.uk/talk. A GP can also help, discuss medication, and refer you to specialist mental health services. In Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, talking therapies are usually accessed through a GP.
How do I know if I need therapy?
It may be time to seek help if difficult feelings are persistent, are affecting your work, sleep, relationships or daily life, or if you are using alcohol or other things to cope. You do not need a diagnosis to benefit from talking therapy. If you are unsure, refer yourself to NHS Talking Therapies or speak to a GP.
Is there a free NHS tool for everyday wellbeing?
The NHS Every Mind Matters Mind Plan uses five questions to suggest practical wellbeing tips for adults. It is not a depression or anxiety test and does not diagnose a condition. For under-18s, use the children and young people’s support links. If you are worried about your mental health, speak to a GP.
How can I look after my mental health day to day?
Small, regular habits help most — staying physically active, keeping a sleep routine, connecting with others, getting outdoors, and limiting alcohol and caffeine. Mindfulness, breathing exercises and making time for things you enjoy all support wellbeing. The NHS Every Mind Matters service has free, practical tools to build a personal plan.

UK mental health helplines

HealthAnswers provides information, not a crisis or counselling service. The organisations above are independent; please contact them directly for support.