Quick answer
What is a pregnancy test?
A pregnancy test detects the hormone hCG in urine or blood, and most home tests are accurate from the first day of a missed period. If your test is positive, contact a GP or midwife to arrange antenatal care. If it is negative but you still have symptoms, wait a few days and repeat the test.
How a pregnancy test works
A pregnancy test detects human chorionic gonadotrophin, a hormone commonly known as hCG, which the body starts producing after implantation. Urine testing sticks for pregnancy are widely available from pharmacies and supermarkets, and most work in a similar way regardless of brand.
How to take a pregnancy test
You should follow the instructions in your test kit precisely, since timing and technique can affect the accuracy of the result. It is also worth checking the expiry date on the test before you use it, as an out-of-date test may give an unreliable result.
What to do after a positive pregnancy test
Once you have a positive pregnancy test, you should register with a midwife so that antenatal care can begin and folic acid supplements can be started. This is also a good time to think about avoiding alcohol and to seek support with stopping smoking if this applies to you.
When to seek help in early pregnancy
Pain or bleeding in early pregnancy should always be assessed, since it can sometimes indicate an ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage. Treat severe pain or fainting as an emergency and seek help straight away.
Common questions about the pregnancy test
- When is the best time to take a pregnancy test?
- You can take a pregnancy test from the day your period is due, though some tests claim to give accurate results a few days earlier. Always follow the instructions on the specific test you are using, since sensitivity can vary between brands.
- How rare is a false positive pregnancy test?
- False positive pregnancy tests are very rare, but they can happen after a recent miscarriage or with certain medicines. If you get an unexpected positive result, it is worth confirming it with your GP.
- Can a pregnancy test be negative even if you are pregnant?
- Yes, a negative result can occur if you test too early or if your urine is too diluted. Repeating the test after a few days, ideally with first morning urine, usually gives a clearer answer.
- Do you need a blood test at the GP to confirm pregnancy?
- A blood test at the GP can confirm pregnancy and help estimate dates more precisely. This is usually arranged after you have already had a positive home pregnancy test.