Quick answer
What are kidney function tests?
Kidney function is checked using creatinine and eGFR blood tests, which detect chronic kidney disease and help monitor the effects of certain medicines. Fasting is usually not required. A low eGFR result needs review by your GP, along with attention to controlling your blood pressure.
What kidney function blood tests measure
Creatinine is a waste product that builds up in the blood when the kidneys are filtering less effectively than they should. eGFR is then calculated from your creatinine level together with your age and sex, giving a more complete picture of how well your kidneys are working.
Chronic kidney disease and eGFR
Chronic kidney disease is classified into stages one to five based on your eGFR result. Regular monitoring helps to track the condition over time and slow its progression where possible.
Protecting your kidneys
Controlling blood pressure and diabetes are two of the most important ways to protect kidney function. It also helps to avoid taking NSAID painkillers when advised against them and to stay sensibly hydrated.
When you might be referred for kidney problems
You may be referred to a nephrology specialist if your kidney function is declining rapidly or if you have advanced chronic kidney disease. Adjusting the doses of certain medicines is also an important part of care when kidney function is reduced.
Common questions about the kidney function tests
- What is eGFR?
- eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate, a measure of how well your kidneys are filtering blood. A result below 60 that persists over time suggests chronic kidney disease.
- What causes kidney disease?
- Kidney disease has many possible causes, including diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis and blockages in the urinary tract. Your GP will look for these when investigating an abnormal result.
- What are the symptoms of chronic kidney disease?
- Chronic kidney disease often causes no symptoms in its early stages. Later on it can cause tiredness, swelling and changes to how often or how much you urinate.
- Can damaged kidneys recover?
- Acute kidney injury can sometimes recover fully once the underlying cause is treated. Chronic kidney damage is usually managed to slow its progression rather than cured.