Colonoscopy

What a colonoscopy is used for

A colonoscopy is used to investigate bowel symptoms, to follow up a positive FIT screening result, and to monitor conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and polyps. It is regarded as the gold standard for viewing the inside of the colon.

How to prepare for a colonoscopy

In the days before the test, you will usually be asked to follow a low-residue diet. You then take a laxative solution to empty the bowel, so it helps to stay near a toilet while it works.

What happens during a colonoscopy

On the day, you are usually given sedation, along with oxygen and monitoring throughout the procedure. The camera is passed through the colon, ideally as far as the caecum, and photographs are taken to document the examination.

Recovering after a colonoscopy

Plan to rest for the remainder of the day and arrange for someone to escort you home, as the sedation can affect you afterwards. Report any complications promptly, especially severe pain, fever or bleeding.

Common questions about the colonoscopy

Is the bowel preparation for a colonoscopy unpleasant?

The preparation uses strong laxatives to empty the bowel, which many people find the most unpleasant part of the test. It is important to follow the instructions precisely, as a clear bowel is needed for a successful examination.

Does a colonoscopy hurt?

Sedation is usually given, so most people remember little of the procedure and feel little discomfort. Some people notice bloating or gas discomfort afterwards, which soon settles.

What happens if a polyp is removed during a colonoscopy?

Any polyp that is removed is sent to the laboratory for analysis under a microscope. How often you need follow-up colonoscopies depends on the type and number of polyps found.

What are the risks of a colonoscopy?

Complications such as bleeding or perforation of the bowel are rare. Seek medical help if you have severe pain, a fever, or bleeding after the procedure.

Sources

• NHS — Colonoscopy
• NHS — Bowel Cancer Screening