Quick answer
What is bronchiectasis?
Bronchiectasis is a long-term condition in which widened airways collect mucus, leading to a persistent productive cough and repeated chest infections. Daily airway-clearance exercises, vaccinations and prompt treatment of flare-ups help protect lung function.
Symptoms
Symptoms may include daily cough with phlegm, repeated infections, breathlessness, wheeze, tiredness, chest pain and occasional blood-streaked sputum.
Tests
A CT scan can show widened airways. Breathing tests, blood tests and sputum samples help assess cause, severity and infection.
Treatment and flare-ups
A respiratory physiotherapist teaches airway-clearance techniques. Treatment may include inhalers for selected people and antibiotics for bacterial flare-ups. Keep recommended flu, COVID-19 and pneumococcal vaccinations up to date.
Common questions about bronchiectasis
- Is bronchiectasis the same as COPD?
- No. They are different conditions, although some people have both and symptoms can overlap.
- Can bronchiectasis be cured?
- Existing airway widening is usually permanent, but treatment can reduce infections and symptoms.
- Why is sputum testing used?
- A sample can identify bacteria and help clinicians choose an appropriate antibiotic during a flare-up.